An English writer, researcher and philologist, born in South Africa. In 1896 his father passed away and his mother took him and his brother to England. He was educated at King Edward VI School in Birmingham. He studied linguistics at Exeter College, Oxford, and took his B.A. in 1915. He is best known for his writing of "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit", which have been adapted into a number of films and TV series. He died of bleeding ulcer and chest infection on September 2, 1973 in Bournemouth.