A Canadian journalist, screenwriter, and novelist, born in Toronto, Canada. He moved to the United States, where he established his career as a screenwriter during the war. He and his wife became members of the Communist Party and remained so in exile. After he traveled to England in 1949 to work on a film, he decided to stay in Europe, and he moved to Paris, writing the sci-fi novel "Out of This World" in 1960. Some of his credits are El Cid (1961), The Visit (1964), and Normande (1975). He died on December 15, 1989 in Santa Monica, California, at the age of 79.