| Salma El-Sharkawy |
An Indian activist, theorist, and literary critic of Bengali origins, born in Calcutta (British India). She was an academic at Columbia University in New York, USA. In 1985, she also released an article titled "Can the Subaltern Speak?" Following her studies of English in India, Spivak relocated to Cornell University in the United States to pursue a degree in comparative literature. It was there that she published her thesis on the playwright and poet William Butler Yeats in 1974. Following that, she began her critical career with Jacques Derrida, translating his novel "De la grammatologie" into English. Her work was infused with feminist, Marxist, and post-colonial theories and concepts. She became the first Indian to hold the top position at Columbia University in its 264-year existence in 2007 when she was awarded a professorship. For her whole body of work, she was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Japan in 2012, and in November of 2014, the University of Paris awarded her an honorary doctorate.
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