| farah ashraf |
The supreme religious leader of Tibetan Buddhism, until 1959 the Dalai Lama represented both the spiritual and temporal leadership of Tibet. He is a Buddhist monk of the Yellow Hat (Gelugpa) order founded by Tsongkhapa (1357-1419). He is called the King of Tibet and the successor of the Buddha by his followers. The last to hold this title was the 14th Dalai Lama, who was born in Shanghai in 1935. He was four years old when a group of lamas named him the successor of the 13th Dalai Lama. He was installed in Lhasa in 1940 and is considered the "Living Buddha". Dalai means ocean in Mongolian, Gyatso means ocean of wisdom in Tibetan, and Lama means spiritual master. The Dalai Lama, along with the regent and the Tibetan government, represented the theocratic regime that ruled Tibet from 1642 AD until 1959 AD, the date of the exile of the fourteenth Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, to India at the hands of the Chinese communist government, which had militarily occupied Tibet in 1949 AD.
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